PostgreSQL Connection Pooling: PgBouncer vs Native Pools

Each client connection in PostgreSQL consumes roughly 10MB of memory on the server. If your high-frequency scrapers start thousands of async connections, you will quickly hit the 'max_connections' limit.

PgBouncer vs Native Python Pooling

While native tools like psycopg.ConnectionPool manage local thread connection queues, PgBouncer works globally as an external gateway, allowing thousands of containers to share a small DB pool.

# Instantiating a resilient connection pool using psycopg3
from psycopg_pool import ConnectionPool

db_pool = ConnectionPool(
    conninfo="postgresql://user:pass@host:5432/db",
    min_size=2,
    max_size=20,
    open=True
)